• Computational Fluid Dynamics Code
• Computational Fluid Dynamics 2 Marksman
• Computational Fluid Dynamics Book
• Computational Fluid Dynamics Pdf

Computational fluid dynamics often requires the use of 'discretized' partial differential equations (that is, partial differential equations that are evaluated on a discrete grid, rather than on a continuous domain). However, this approximation necessarily comes at a cost. Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics using MATLAB and OpenFOAM. Advanced CFD Using ANSYS Fluent. Computational Combustion using Python and Cantera. Advanced IC Engine Simulation. IC Engine Calibration using GT-POWER. Electronic Cooling Simulations using.

Fluid animation refers to computer graphics techniques for generating realistic animations of fluids such as water and smoke.^[1] Fluid animations are typically focused on emulating the qualitative visual behavior of a fluid, with less emphasis placed on rigorously correct physical results, although they often still rely on approximate solutions to the Euler equations or Navier–Stokes equations that govern real fluid physics. Fluid animation can be performed with different levels of complexity, ranging from time-consuming, high-quality animations for films or visual effects, to simple and fast animations for real-time animations like computer games.^[2]

Relationship to computational fluid dynamics[edit]

Fluid animation differs from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in that fluid animation is used primarily for visual effects, whereas computational fluid dynamics is used to study the behavior of fluids in a scientifically rigorous way.

Development[edit]

The development of fluid animation techniques based on the Navier–Stokes equations began in 1996, when Nick Foster and Dimitris Metaxas^[3] implemented solutions to 3D Navier-Stokes equations in a computer graphics context, basing their work on a scientific CFD paper by Harlow and Welch from 1965.^[4] Up to that point, a variety of simpler methods had primarily been used, including ad-hoc particle systems,^[5] lower dimensional techniques such as height fields,^[6] and semi-random turbulent noise fields.^[7] In 1999, Jos Stam published the 'Stable Fluids'^[8] method, which exploited a semi-Lagrangian advection technique and implicit integration of viscosity to provide unconditionally stable behaviour. This allowed for much larger time steps and therefore faster simulations. This general technique was extended by Ronald Fedkiw and co-authors to handle more realistic smoke^[9] and fire,^[10] as well as complex 3D water simulations using variants of the level-set method.^[11][12]

Some notable academic researchers in this area include Jerry Tessendorf, James F. O'Brien, Ron Fedkiw, Mark Carlson, Greg Turk, Robert Bridson, Ken Museth and Jos Stam.^{[citation needed]}

Software[edit]

Many 3D computer graphics programs implement fluid animation techniques. RealFlow is a standalone commercial package that has been used to produce visual effects in movies, television shows, commercials, and games.^{[citation needed]} RealFlow implements a fluid-implicit particle (FLIP; an extension of the Particle-in-cell method) solver, a hybrid grid, and a particle method that allows for advanced features such as foam and spray. Maya and Houdini are two other commercial 3D computer graphics programs that allow for fluid animation.

Blender is an open-source 3D computer graphics program that utilized a particle-based Lattice Boltzmann method for animating fluids^[13] until the integration of the open-source mantaflow project in 2020 with a wide range of Navier-Stokes solver variants.^[14]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^Bridson, Robert. Fluid Simulation for Computer Graphics (2nd ed.). CRC Press.
2. ^Mastin, Gary A.; Watterberg, Peter A.; Mareda, John F. (March 1987). 'Fourier Synthesis of Ocean Scenes'(PDF). IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. 7 (3): 16–23. doi:10.1109/MCG.1987.276961.
3. ^Foster, Nick; Metaxas, Dimitri (1996-09-01). 'Realistic Animation of Liquids'. Graphical Models and Image Processing. 58 (5): 471–483. CiteSeerX10.1.1.331.619. doi:10.1006/gmip.1996.0039.
4. ^Harlow, Francis H.; Welch, J. Eddie (1965-12-01). 'Numerical Calculation of Time‐Dependent Viscous Incompressible Flow of Fluid with Free Surface'. Physics of Fluids. 8 (12): 2182–2189. doi:10.1063/1.1761178. ISSN0031-9171.
5. ^Reeves, W. T. (1983-04-01). 'Particle Systems—a Technique for Modeling a Class of Fuzzy Objects'. ACM Trans. Graph. 2 (2): 91–108. CiteSeerX10.1.1.517.4835. doi:10.1145/357318.357320. ISSN0730-0301.
6. ^Kass, Michael; Miller, Gavin (1990-01-01). Rapid, Stable Fluid Dynamics for Computer Graphics. Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '90. New York: ACM. pp. 49–57. doi:10.1145/97879.97884. ISBN978-0897913447.
7. ^Stam, Jos; Fiume, Eugene (1993-01-01). Turbulent Wind Fields for Gaseous Phenomena. Proceedings of the 20th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '93. New York: ACM. pp. 369–376. doi:10.1145/166117.166163. ISBN978-0897916011.
8. ^Stam, Jos (1999-01-01). Stable Fluids. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '99. New York: ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. pp. 121–128. doi:10.1145/311535.311548. ISBN978-0201485608.
9. ^Fedkiw, Ronald; Stam, Jos; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2001-01-01). Visual Simulation of Smoke. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '01. New York: ACM. pp. 15–22. CiteSeerX10.1.1.29.2220. doi:10.1145/383259.383260. ISBN978-1581133745.
10. ^Nguyen, Duc Quang; Fedkiw, Ronald; Jensen, Henrik Wann (2002-01-01). Physically Based Modeling and Animation of Fire. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '02. New York: ACM. pp. 721–728. doi:10.1145/566570.566643. ISBN978-1581135213.
11. ^Foster, Nick; Fedkiw, Ronald (2001-01-01). Practical Animation of Liquids. Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '01. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 23–30. CiteSeerX10.1.1.21.932. doi:10.1145/383259.383261. ISBN978-1581133745.
12. ^Enright, Douglas; Marschner, Stephen; Fedkiw, Ronald (2002-01-01). Animation and Rendering of Complex Water Surfaces. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. SIGGRAPH '02. New York: ACM. pp. 736–744. CiteSeerX10.1.1.19.6229. doi:10.1145/566570.566645. ISBN978-1581135213.
13. ^'Doc:2.4/Manual/Physics/Fluid - BlenderWiki'. wiki.blender.org. Retrieved 2016-11-04.
14. ^'Reference/Release Notes/2.82 - Blender Developer Wiki'. wiki.blender.org. Retrieved 2020-06-10.

External links[edit]

Requisites

Pre-requisite: MEC3107 or MEC3102 or ENV3104 or Students must be enrolled in the following Program: MEPR

Other requisites

Recommended pre-requisite or co-requisite: (MEC4103 or MEC4108 or ENV3105 or ENV4107) and (ENG3104 or ENG4104)

Rationale

This course introduces Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which enables the accurate simulation of realistic fluid processes, utilising modern computing power. This extends the capability of engineers beyond the simplified models (as taught in other courses) that are commonly used in industry.

Synopsis

This course covers the theoretical and practical components of the CFD framework to enable the student to simulate real fluid flow problems which are more complex than solved in prior undergraduate courses in fluid mechanics. Students will become fluent in conducting each stage of the process so that they can solve practical problems using advanced analysis. These problems can be simple fluid flow (either liquid or gas), involve heat transfer, chemical reactions and/or multiple phases [i.e. a flow containing a mixture of gas, liquid and solid (normally solid particles)]. Problems which students will analyse will be drawn from cases such as: pipe flows (gaseous or liquid), airflows over vehicles (e.g. cars, trucks and aircraft), wind loading on structures, hydraulic flows (e.g. rivers and water treatment plants), heat exchangers and combustion (e.g. engines and furnaces).

Objectives

On successful complettion of this course students should be able to:

Computational Fluid Dynamics Code

1. characterise the transport equations for fluid flow and how they can be solved;
2. construct a model for the fluid flow problem that needs to be solved;
3. evaluate different CFD programs and discretise the domain to produce a mesh which will enable an accurate solution for the chosen program;
4. appraise the models for physical phenomena;
5. appraise the numerical methods for the discretisation of the transport equations and generate accurate results;
6. critically evaluate the results of simulations.

Topics

Text and materials required to be purchased or accessed

ALL textbooks and materials available to be purchased can be sourced from USQ's Online Bookshop (unless otherwise stated). (https://omnia.usq.edu.au/textbooks/?year=2021&sem=01&subject1=MEC5100)

Please contact us for alternative purchase options from USQ Bookshop. (https://omnia.usq.edu.au/info/contact/)

Reference materials

Student workload expectations

Computational Fluid Dynamics 2 Marksman

Assessment details

Important assessment information

Computational Fluid Dynamics Book

1. Attendance requirements:
   
   There are no attendance requirements for this course. However, it is the students’ responsibility to study all material provided to them or required to be accessed by them to maximise their chance of meeting the objectives of the course and to be informed of course-related activities and administration.
   
2. Requirements for students to complete each assessment item satisfactorily:
   
   To satisfactorily complete an individual assessment item a student must achieve at least 50% of the marks for that item.
   
3. Penalties for late submission of required work:
   
   Students should refer to the Assessment Procedure http://policy.usq.edu.au/documents.php?id=14749PL (point 4.2.4)
   
4. Requirements for student to be awarded a passing grade in the course:
   
   To be assured of receiving a passing grade a student must achieve at least 50% of the total weighted marks available for the course.
   
5. Method used to combine assessment results to attain final grade:
   
   The final grades for students will be assigned on the basis of the aggregate of the weighted marks obtained for each of the summative items for the course..
   
6. Examination information:
   
   Students should read the USQ policies: Definitions, Assessment and Student Academic Misconduct to avoid actions which might contravene University policies and practices. These policies can be found at http://policy.usq.edu.au.
   
7. Examination period when Deferred/Supplementary examinations will be held:
   
8. University Student Policies:
   
   Students should read the USQ policies: Definitions, Assessment and Student Academic Misconduct to avoid actions which might contravene University policies and practices. These policies can be found at http://policy.usq.edu.au.
   

Assessment notes

1. Students must familiarise themselves with the USQ Assessment Procedures (http://policy.usq.edu.au/documents.php?id=14749PL).
   
2. Referencing in Assignments must comply with the Harvard (AGPS) referencing system. This system should be used by students to format details of the information sources they have cited in their work. The Harvard (APGS) style to be used is defined by the USQ library’s referencing guide. These policies can be found at http://www.usq.edu.au/library/referencing
   

Evaluation and benchmarking

In meeting the University’s aims to establish quality learning and teaching for all programs, this course monitors and ensures quality assurance and improvements in at least two ways. This course:
1. conforms to the USQ Policy on Evaluation of Teaching, Courses and Programs to ensure ongoing monitoring and systematic improvement.
2. forms part of the Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) and is benchmarked against the
o internal USQ accreditation/reaccreditation processes which include (i) stringent standards in the independent accreditation of its academic programs, (ii) close integration between business and academic planning, and (iii) regular and rigorous review.
o professional accreditation standards of Engineers Australia

Other requirements

Computational Fluid Dynamics Pdf

1. Computer, e-mail and Internet access:
   Students are required to have access to a personal computer, e-mail capabilities and Internet access to UConnect. Current details of computer requirements can be found at http://www.usq.edu.au/current-students/support/computing/hardware .
   
2. Students can expect that questions in assessment items in this course may draw upon knowledge and skills that they can reasonably be expected to have acquired before enrolling in this course. This includes knowledge contained in pre-requisite courses and appropriate communication, information literacy, analytical, critical thinking, problem solving or numeracy skills. Students who do not possess such knowledge and skills should not expect the same grades as those students who do possess them.